What is the primary vector of Eastern Equine Encephalitis from bird to bird?

The primary vector of Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) transmission from bird to bird is Culiseta melanura. This mosquito species plays a crucial role in the EEE transmission cycle, primarily affecting birds, particularly in wetland areas where this mosquito breeds. Culiseta melanura has a preference for feeding on birds rather than mammals, making it an effective transmitter of the virus among avian populations.

Understanding the ecology of Culiseta melanura is essential in public health because it highlights the importance of monitoring and controlling mosquito populations in areas where EEE can be transmitted. Meanwhile, other mosquito species listed, such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes sollicitans, typically feed on humans and are not primarily involved in the bird-to-bird transmission cycle of EEE. Anopheles quadrimaculatus is also not a significant vector for EEE, focusing more on malaria transmission. Hence, recognizing the specific role of Culiseta melanura in this context is pivotal for preventing outbreaks and managing EEE risk effectively.