Which species is known for breeding in swamps?

The correct choice is Anopheles smaragdinus, which is notable for its breeding habits in swamp environments. This species of mosquito thrives in slow-moving water bodies, such as swamps, marshes, and other similar habitats where stagnant water is prevalent. These environments provide the necessary conditions for their larvae to develop, as the organic material found in such areas serves as a food source for the developing larvae.

In contrast, while other mosquito species listed may also have specific breeding habitats, they do not have the same strong association with swamp environments as Anopheles smaragdinus does. For instance, Culex melanura is more commonly found in marshes and is known to breed in a variety of freshwater habitats, but it is not specifically associated with swamps. Meanwhile, Aedes canadensis typically prefers breeding in tree holes, containers, or other locations that may not be directly related to swamps. Psorophora ferox is adaptable and can breed in a range of aquatic environments, but its preference is not primarily for swamps. Thus, the unique association of Anopheles smaragdinus with swamp habitats makes it the correct answer in this context.